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Battery leakage damage
Corrosion or trace damage caused by leaking battery cells.
Battery-backed save loss
SRAM backup battery dead; saves not retained between sessions.
Blown fuse
Fuse measured dead or with no continuity.
Broken USB/charging port
USB or charging port desoldered or physically damaged.
Broken barrel jack
DC power barrel connector physically damaged.
Broken drive rail/gear
Physical mechanism damaged; laser sled or loader cannot travel correctly.
Broken gear/tooth
Plastic gear with missing or cracked teeth.
Broken trace
PCB trace severed, requiring bridging or rework.
Broken via
Internal PCB via not conducting between board layers.
Broken/worn drive belt
Drive tray, loader or mechanism inoperable due to a degraded or snapped belt.
Bulging capacitors
Capacitors visually swollen without having fully leaked.
Capacitor leakage damage
PCB traces or pads corroded by leaked electrolyte.
Cartridge slot oxidation
Heavy oxidation on cartridge connector pins preventing reliable reads.
Cold/dull solder joints
Oxidised or cracked solder joints causing intermittent or permanent faults.
Controller drift
Analogue stick reporting false input at rest.
Controller not responding
Input partially or fully ignored by the console.
Corrupted graphics
Garbled, scrambled or partially missing display output.
Cracked/broken shell
Physical casing cracked or broken.
Dead laser
Laser diode has no output; disc not read at all.
Dim picture
Image present but abnormally dark.
Disc read error
Drive seeks or spins but fails to read reliably.
Disc tray won't open
Motorised tray stuck or failing to eject.
Distorted audio
Sound present but degraded, crackling or otherwise distorted.
Floppy drive not recognising disks
FDD spins but the system reports no disk inserted.
Geometry issues
Warped, skewed or wobbly picture geometry on a CRT.
Gray/blank screen on boot
Console powers on but shows a gray or blank screen instead of booting.
Jailbars
Vertical interference bars overlaid on the picture.
Leaking capacitors
Electrolyte visible on the PCB; corrosion or fishy smell present.
Low audio output
Sound present but significantly below normal volume.
Magic smoke
Component failed visibly with smoke, burning smell or arcing.
Missing colour channel
One RGB channel entirely absent from the picture.
No audio
Sound completely absent.
No power
Unit completely dead; no response to power button.
No video output
Unit boots but produces no picture on the display.
Optical drive not spinning
Motor present but disc does not rotate.
PSU failure
Power supply not delivering correct voltages.
Retrace lines
Visible horizontal lines across the CRT picture caused by retrace not being blanked.
Rust/corrosion
Metal parts or PCB oxidised, typically from moisture exposure.
Stuck/frozen on boot
Console starts but hangs before reaching the main menu or BIOS.
Swollen battery
Battery cell has expanded inside the device.
Yellowed shell
Plastic casing discoloured from UV exposure.